Dynamics of Integrated Coastal Management: PEMSEA's Experience

The ultimate goal of integrated coastal management (ICM) is to improve the quality of life of coastal inhabitants through achieving the sustainable development objectives. Achieving this goal, however, is often hindered by policy and financial and capacity barriers. This article discusses the role of the interaction between the dynamic forces and essential elements of ICM to address the environmental and management issues at the local level. The experience of Xiamen Municipality, People's Republic of China, is highlighted to showcase how it transformed from an environmentally degraded municipality into a modern, urban garden city in a span of just more than a decade. The socioeconomic and ecological benefits of ICM in Xiamen are obvious, measurable, and well-appreciated by both the government and the citizenry. Useful lessons have also been drawn from several ICM initiatives in East Asia in relation to strengthening coastal management. The key ones are briefly discussed.     

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亚运会的承办给城市建设、交通发展带来难得的机遇,然而亚运期间的突发而且集中的交通需求,也给城市带来了严峻的挑战,因此迫切需要一个亚运交通发展战略,用以指导城市在亚运前和期间的交通规划、建设、管理。本文通过系统分析2010年广州亚运场馆的分布特点和亚运期间城市面临的交通压力,在战略目标的指引下,从建设和组织两个层次提出了详细的规划,并使用最新标定的交通规划模型对道路运行状况和亚运场馆可达性进行了定量的预测,结果显示战略规划的效果是可行的。最后还对下一步的研究提出了具体的分期实施计划。     

基于Legion的大型活动人流交通仿真——以第16届亚运会开幕式散场人流仿真为例

人流交通组织是大型活动交通组织成功与否的关键一环,行人交通仿真为检验人流交通组织优劣的主要手段。以第16届亚运会开幕式散场行人交通仿真为例,借助Legion仿真软件建立仿真系统,运用OpenCV工具对大型活动行人步行特征参数进行标定,在此基础上仿真分析了亚运会开幕式散场行人交通运作状况和公共交通服务水平等情况。     

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第16届亚运会开幕式打破了在体育馆内举行的传统模式,在城市中央商务区（CBD）、四面环水、开放性强的珠江海心沙岛上举行开幕仪式前还举行珠江巡游活动,路线穿越了城市中心区,场地和活动形式非常特殊,在奥运和亚运史上尚无先例,给开幕式交通组织带来巨大挑战.亚运会开幕式采用了“弹性规划、分层管理、动静结合、时空分离”等大型活动交通组织机理和方法,制定和实施了交通管控,停车布局,公共交通组织,进散场交通流线设计等方案.实施效果良好,成功解决了CBD开放式场地举办大型赛事开幕式的交通组织难题,为今后举办大型活动的交通组织提供了宝贵经验.     

西安至成都高速铁路朱鹮防护措施研究

为了更好地保护朱鹮及确保高速列车的运营安全,掌握铁路工程建设及运营中朱鹮等鸟类与列车运营的相互影响,完善环境保护政策和铁路建设人性化设计,开展西安至成都高速铁路朱鹮防护措施研究。首先基于朱鹮生态行为特征和防护启示,选取3种防护方案(防护透光板、防护板、防护网方案)和辅助驱鸟措施,开展现场试验,而后对防护措施进行分析比较,最后选取最优的防护措施在西成高铁进行施工。研究结果表明:金属编织网防护和辅助驱鸟复合措施效果最优,该防护措施具备防止朱鹮撞伤的防护效果。     

A review of port devolution and governance models with compound eyes approach

Port devolution and port governance are focal issues in port studies. This paper argues that the previous typology of port devolution and port governance, including port function matrix models, might have to be modified, in particular for Asian port cases, because they have not considered socio, economic, and political systems and historical aspects behind the port devolution continuum. This paper uses the “compound eyes” approach comprising of many similar, closely-packed facets called ommatidia, with a multiple angle view, to revisit and review previous port devolution and governance models. The paper aims to identify the limitations and rectify fallacies in previous port studies by conducting a critical review and taking a couple of Asian container port cases as examples. This paper contributes to the literature of port devolution and governance, illuminating crucial gaps that the previous studies have not addressed.     

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大型运动会中车辆组织调度历来是各届大型运动会交通运输保障中的重点. 采用信息化手段实时掌握车辆运行和分配情况,全面记录和统计车辆和调度的数据信息,有效指挥和调度车辆资源已成为亟待解决的重要问题. 本文基于广州市亚运会交通运输保障工作的实际需要,分析亚运会车辆组织管理机构和车辆信息化调度管理的需求,提出一种车辆调度信息系统的设计思路,设计了系统的逻辑结构、功能组成和网络拓扑结构,并对业务流程进行了详细设计. 该系统已在2010年广州亚运会的实际车辆组织管理中得到成功应用,实践表明效果良好,具有推广应用前景.     

Asian economic integration and maritime CO2 emissions

The Asian region is considered as the most thriving region in terms of economic integration at present. Given the fact that most of the Asian countries’ commodity trade relies on maritime transport, its economic integration is expected to affect the shipping activities and consequently maritime CO₂ emissions. This study develops a novel and systematic analysis on the key driving factors through which trade liberalization can influence maritime CO₂ emissions. Our simulation results suggest that, depending on the level of Asian integration, global CO₂ emissions may slightly fall (ASEAN+3 FTA) or even rise (ASEAN+6 FTA). The reason for the latter is that the “trade scale effect” (higher emissions due to a significant increase in trade among participating countries) outweighs the “trade structure effect” and “shipment type effect” (lower emissions as a result of an increase in intra-Asia trade and a change in commodity composition). Finally, all countries involved in the Asian integration, except Japan, will experience an increase in maritime CO₂ emissions. In particular, a relatively significant increase in the maritime CO₂ emissions occurs in the developing Asian countries owing to substantial trade scale effect after removing their relatively high trade barriers.     

Cruise port centrality and spatial patterns of cruise shipping in the Asian market

This paper investigates the centrality of cruise ports in the Asian cruise shipping market while proposing the hubs and authorities centrality (HACC) metric as a directional synthesis of the hubs centrality and authorities centrality to explore cyclical and directional features of centrality in the cruise shipping network. With the development of the cruise shipping industry, research has been actively conducted with a particular focus on identifying the characteristics of hub ports. This paper employs social network analysis to investigate the HACC which is originally developed for analyzing the cruise port centrality problem. Empirical study implies that Ho Chi Minh City, Hong Kong, Nagasaki, Penang, Phuket, Port Klang, Shanghai, and Singapore (in alphabetical order) reflects particulars of cruise hub ports. One of the exceptional results of this paper is Ho Chi Minh City, Penang, Phuket, and Port Klang have demonstrated high HACC (refers to hub ports) while limited degree and betweenness centrality. In contrast, Busan and Keelung are not classified as hub ports.     

思小高速公路野象谷段路域亚洲象活动规律

为了有效保障思小高速公路野象谷段运营安全及路域亚洲象种群生态完整性，于2018年4月10日至2019年10月18日对该路段亚洲象（Elephas maximus）经常活动的4个区域布设20台红外相机进行监测，研究该路域亚洲象的活动规律。结果显示，亚洲象对高速公路桥梁和隧道周边的生境均有利用，日活动节律最频繁的时间段是夜间和黄昏，季节活动节律高峰是1月至7月，其中3月份的活动程度最高。研究表明，亚洲象对高速公路没有明显的回避行为，但监测区内人为干扰对亚洲象的日活动节律影响比较严重；季节活动节律与雨季和旱季的气候特征相关。目前中国境内发生的车辆与亚洲象直接相撞事故较少，考虑未来交通网络发展对亚洲象生境的间接影响，建议在该地区开展交通基础设施规划时，将亚洲象及其生境作为专项内容进行评价，评价结果纳入规划的参考因素。